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Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) | Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

College Enrollment and Work Activity of Recent High School and College Graduates Summary

Labor Force

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Among 20- to 29-year-olds who received a bachelor'sdegree in 2022, 76.4 percent were employed.Information on school enrollment and employment status is collected monthly in the Current Population Survey (CPS), a nationwide survey of about 60,000 households that provides information on employment and unemployment. Each October, a supplement to theCPS gathers more detailed information about recent degree recipients and school enrollment.In addition to data on recent high school graduates ages 16 to 24, this news release presents information on recent degree recipients ages 20 to 29. For more information,see the Technical Note in this news release.Highlights from the October 2022 data: --Among recent high school graduates ages 16 to 24, college enrollment rates for men   and women were 57.2 percent and 66.1 percent, respectively. (See table 1.) --Among 16- to 24-year-olds, 41.9 percent of recent high school dropouts were working   or looking for work, lower than the labor force participation rate of 69.2 percent   for recent high school graduates not enrolled in college. (See table 1.) --About 16.8 million persons ages 16 to 24 were not enrolled in school--44.1 percent   of all persons in this age group. (See table 2.) --Among 20- to 29-year-olds, 72.6 percent of recent associate degree recipients, 76.4   percent of recent bachelor's degree recipients, and 82.8 percent of recent advanced   degree recipients were employed. (See table 3.) --One-fourth of recent bachelor's degree recipients ages 20 to 29 were enrolled in   school. (See table 3.) --Among 20- to 29-year-olds, unemployment rates were 5.7 percent for recent associate   degree recipients, 8.6 percent for recent bachelor's degree recipients, and 4.1    percent for recent advanced degree recipients. (See table 3.)  Recent High School Graduates and Dropouts (Ages 16 to 24)Of the 3.0 million youth ages 16 to 24 who graduated from high school between Januaryand October 2022, 1.9 million were enrolled in college in October. The college enrollmentrate of recent high school graduates, at 62.0 percent in October 2022, was little differentfrom the rate of 61.8 percent in October 2021. In October 2019, prior to the pandemic,the college enrollment rate of recent high school graduates was 66.2 percent. (See table1.)Among 2022 high school graduates ages 16 to 24, the college enrollment rate for youngwomen, at 66.1 percent in October 2022, continued to be higher than the rate for youngmen (57.2 percent). By race and ethnicity, the college enrollment rates in October 2022were 72.2 percent for Asians, 64.1 percent for Blacks, 61.8 percent for Whites, and 58.1percent for Hispanics. The labor force participation rate (the proportion of the population that is employedor looking for work) for recent high school graduates enrolled in college in October2022 was 31.4 percent. The participation rates for male and female graduates enrolledin college were 31.0 percent and 31.7 percent, respectively.Among recent high school graduates enrolled in college in October 2022, more than 9in 10 were full-time students. Recent graduates enrolled as full-time students wereless likely to be in the labor force (29.3 percent) than were their peers enrolledpart time (71.4 percent).Among recent high school graduates enrolled in college, about 7 in 10 attended 4-yearcolleges. Of these students, 27.8 percent participated in the labor force in October 2022, lower than the 41.1 percent for recent graduates enrolled in 2-year colleges.Recent high school graduates not enrolled in college in October 2022 were about twiceas likely to be in the labor force as graduates enrolled in college (69.2 percent versus31.4 percent, respectively). For both groups, labor force participation was littlechanged from the previous year. The unemployment rate of recent graduates enrolled incollege (11.1 percent) was lower than the jobless rates for recent high school graduatesnot enrolled in college (18.3 percent) and recent high school dropouts (18.5 percent).Between October 2021 and October 2022, 538,000 young people dropped out of high school.The labor force participation rate for recent dropouts (41.9 percent) continued to bemuch lower than the rate for recent high school graduates not enrolled in college (69.2 percent). All Youth Enrolled in High School or College (Ages 16 to 24)In October 2022, 21.2 million 16- to 24-year-olds, or 55.9 percent of youth, were enrolled in high school (9.6 million) or in college (11.6 million). The labor forceparticipation rate for youth enrolled in school, at 36.8 percent, was little changedfrom October 2021 to October 2022. The unemployment rate for youth enrolled in school(6.1 percent) also changed little from the previous year. (See table 2.)In October 2022, high school students continued to be less likely than college studentsto participate in the labor force (25.1 percent, compared with 46.5 percent). Theparticipation rates for male and female high school students were 23.1 percent and27.3 percent, respectively. Among college students, those enrolled full time were much less likely to participatein the labor force in October 2022 than were part-time students (42.4 percent versus81.0 percent). Students at 4-year colleges were also less likely to be in the laborforce than were students at 2-year schools (44.0 percent versus 55.5 percent). Maleand female college students' participation rates were little different from each other(45.3 percent and 47.5 percent, respectively). By race and ethnicity, the labor forceparticipation rate was lower for Asian college students (34.3 percent) than for theirBlack (42.8 percent), White (48.3 percent), and Hispanic (52.6 percent) counterparts.The unemployment rates for high school students and college students in October 2022,at 7.5 percent and 5.5 percent, respectively, were little changed from the previous year.All Youth Not Enrolled in School (Ages 16 to 24)In October 2022, 16.8 million persons ages 16 to 24 were not enrolled in school. Thelabor force participation rate of youth not enrolled in school was 80.0 percent. Amongyouth not enrolled in school in October 2022, young men continued to be more likelythan young women to participate in the labor force (83.9 percent, compared with 75.5percent). (See table 2.)Labor force participation rates for not-enrolled young men and young women were highestfor those with a bachelor's degree or higher (94.6 percent and 88.3 percent, respectively)and lowest for young men and young women with less than a high school diploma (68.7percent and 45.3 percent, respectively).The unemployment rate for youth ages 16 to 24 not enrolled in school, at 8.6 percentin October 2022, changed little over the year. Among not-enrolled youth who did nothave a high school diploma, unemployment rates in October 2022 were 12.9 percent foryoung men and 17.6 percent for young women. The jobless rates of young men and youngwomen with at least a bachelor's degree were 6.7 percent and 4.5 percent, respectively.Among youth not enrolled in school, the unemployment rates were 7.0 percent for Whites,14.5 percent for Blacks, 9.7 percent for Asians, and 7.6 percent for Hispanics.  Recent College Graduates (Ages 20 to 29)Between January and October 2022, 1.0 million 20- to 29-year-olds earned a bachelor'sdegree; of these, 775,000 (or 76.4 percent) were employed in October 2022. The unemployment rate for recent college graduates with a bachelor's degree, at 8.6 percent,declined by 4.5 percentage points from the previous year. (See table 3.)Among recent bachelor's degree recipients, men and women were both employed at similarrates in October 2022 (76.3 percent and 76.5 percent, respectively). The jobless ratefor female bachelor's degree recipients, at 5.6 percent, was about half the rate oftheir male counterparts (12.5 percent).About one-quarter (or 253,000) of recent bachelor's degree recipients were enrolledin school in October 2022. These recent graduates who were enrolled in school were less likely to be employed than those who were not enrolled (61.7 percent versus 81.3percent).   Between January and October 2022, 395,000 persons ages 20 to 29 earned an advanced degree--that is, a master's, professional, or doctoral degree. About 8 in 10 of thosewho recently earned an advanced degree were employed in October 2022. The unemploymentrate for recent advanced degree recipients was 4.1 percent. Recent Associate Degree Recipients (Ages 20 to 29)Of the 391,000 20- to 29-year-olds who completed an associate degree between Januaryand October 2022, 72.6 percent were employed in October 2022. The unemployment ratefor recent associate degree recipients was 5.7 percent. (See table 3.)Recent associate degree recipients ages 20 to 29 were much more likely to have completedan academic program than a vocational program (64.2 percent, compared with 35.8 percent). Associate degrees in academic programs are primarily in the arts and sciencesand are often transferable to a bachelor's degree program, while associate degreesin vocational programs prepare graduates for a specific occupation.In October 2022, 47.1 percent of recent associate degree recipients were enrolled inschool. Of the 184,000 recent recipients who were enrolled in school, 62.5 percent were employed. In October 2022, 81.5 percent of recent associate degree recipients whowere not enrolled in school were employed.

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